A study of coagulation profile in neoplastic conditions

Abstract

Background: Malignant tumors are often associated with thromboembolic episodes and disturbed coagulative processes. Plasma D-dimer and other coagulation parameters form a simple panel of tests for the assessment of the intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis (ICF) syndrome. The anomalous hemostatic results obtained in a proper clinical setting pave for the suspicion of the ICF syndrome. Moreover, precautionary measures can be taken to avoid its complication by the use of mild anticoagulants. Objective: To evaluate the changes in hemostatic–clotting parameters in patients with malignancies and elucidate the association of ICF with malignant tumors. Materials and Methods: This study comprised 60 cases, including apparently normal controls and patients of benign and malignant lesions. After the processing of blood samples, tests such as platelet count, prothrombin time, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, fibrin degradation products, and D-dimer were done. Result: A total of 60 cases were evaluated in our study. A strong association was seen between the malignancies and the elevated D-dimer elucidating the presence of ICF in these patients along with other altered coagulation parameters in comparison with apparently normal controls in the study. Conclusion: Increased D-dimer and altered coagulation parameters significantly correlate with malignant behavior of tumors and their spread. They might be useful indicators of aggressive tumor biology and behavior.