Abstract
Multilevel inverters (MLIs) have become a trend in the field of DC/AC inverters and one of the main requirements in many of the industrial applications. MLIs spread in the academic research field and replaced the conventional inverters due to the several advantages that these topologies presented over the conventional inverters, as follows. (1) Operate with a high number of steps in the output voltage waveform, which helps in reducing the level of harmonics and presents fine and clear waveforms; furthermore, reduce the voltage stress on the switching devices and gives it a long lifetime and more reliability. (2) MLIs have a low rating of the switching devices, which has a noticeable role in reducing the system cost. (3) MLIs can be operated at both higher and lower switching frequencies, which reduces the level of power losses and enhances the overall efficiency. The main problem that faces the researchers in the multilevel inverters field is to design a topology that uses the optimum number of components to ensure the low cost and obtain a high efficiency. This paper presents a description of different topologies of MLIs that were investigated in the last two decades to show the pros and cons of each topology. Also a set of performance parameters that were used to measure the effectiveness of the MLI topologies have been discussed.
Highlights
Industrial applications of multilevel inverters (MLIs) have been spreading widely for many years, especially in heavy industry such as electric vehicles (EVs), ship propulsion drive, rolling mills, paper industry, as well as metal forming [1,2]
In the symmetrical MLI without H-bridge, the topologies do not need the polarity part in directing the different sides of the generated output voltage, and this mission is given to the generation level part
The implementation of the asymmetrical MLI topologies can be achieved as follows
Summary
Industrial applications of MLIs have been spreading widely for many years, especially in heavy industry such as electric vehicles (EVs), ship propulsion drive, rolling mills, paper industry, as well as metal forming [1,2]. An AC supplier with special features is needed, for example, variable magnitude of the output voltage to operate in a wide range between low, medium, and high levels; in addition, variable output frequencies for ensuring a changeable range of switching speeds. The controllable AC/DC converter can be chosen to perform this job and support fixed sources of power for these industries [3,4,5]. The DC/AC converter (inverter) is a piece of equipment for power conversion that is used to convert the DC input sources into an output AC voltage to feed AC loads.
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