Abstract
Landscape patterns are significantly affected during the urbanization process. Identifying the spatiotemporal impacts of urbanization’s socio-economic factors on landscape patterns is very important and can provide scientific evidence to support urban ecological management and guide managers to establish appropriate sustainability policies. This article applies multiscale geographically weighted regression (MGWR) to reveal the relationships between landscape patterns and the socio-economic factors of urbanization in Shenzhen, China, from 2000 to 2015, in five-year intervals. MGWR is a powerful extension of geographically weighted regression (GWR) that can not only reveal spatial heterogeneity patterns but also measure the operational scale of covariates. The empirical results indicate that MGWR is superior to GWR. Furthermore, the changes in operational scale represented by the spatial bandwidth of MGWR in different years reflect temporal changes in the spatial relationships of given factors, which is significant information for urban studies. These multiscale relationships between landscape patterns and the socio-economic factors of urbanization, revealed via MGWR, are useful for strategic planning around urban dynamic development and land resource and ecological landscape management. The results can provide additional insight into landscape and urbanization studies from a multiscale perspective, which is important for local, regional, and global urban planning.
Highlights
The development of urbanization has always been an important issue in both ecological and socio-economic research [1,2,3,4,5,6]
For edge density (ED), patch density (PD), and the Shannon diversity index (SHDI), the effects of the distance to downtown area (DDA) and human activity intensity (HAI) yielded significant transformations. These results showed that Shenzhen is developing towards a polycentric urban pattern and that the role of the downtown area is diminishing
The impacts of rapid urbanization on landscapes are a major concern for local ecological planners and city managers
Summary
The development of urbanization has always been an important issue in both ecological and socio-economic research [1,2,3,4,5,6]. Urbanization can improve the quality of life for residents [8] and stimulate rapid economic development. Rapid urbanization can destroy the original landscape patterns and result in a fragile region and the loss of permanent cropland [17,18]. In this context, capturing the spatiotemporal characteristics of land use change and exploring determinants can provide crucial information to help city planners and managers design a sustainable urban growth policy, optimize landscape patterns, and conserve the ecological environment
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