A solid phase extraction of bisphenol derivates for their LC-PDA-MS/MS determination in beverages of the Turkish market and its greenness, whiteness, and blueness assessment

Abstract

Bisphenols transfer from the materials used to food and beverages packaging and disrupt the endocrine system. A solid phase extraction procedure for quantitatively determining bisphenol A, F, and S was developed here. The quantitative determination of these bisphenols was carried out by Liquid Chromatography with ultraviolet followed by tandem mass spectrometry for all types of food analysis laboratory. Analytes separation was carried out by a SUPELCO Ascentis® Express C18 (100×3.0mm, ID, 2.7µm) column with gradient elution mode. All samples were extracted with using Chromabond C18 (500mg, 6mL)ec cartridges before injection to concentrate the analyte. The working range was 0.5-20µg/mL in bisphenol S and bisphenol F, 1.8-72.0µg/mL for bisphenol A in ultraviolet; and 0.09-3.60µg/mL for bisphenol S, 1.5-60.0µg/mL for bisphenol F and 2.5-72.0µg/mL for bisphenol A in tandem mass spectrometry. The recovery range for the new solid phase extraction with liquid chromatography method developed is between 92.20% and 96.92%. This is the first time, 59 types of beverages, except alcoholic and dairy products, and 16 brands of bottled water, were analyzed in Turkish markets. Bisphenol derivatives were measured at LOD levels in 2 drinking waters and 26 beverages, and above LOQ levels in 6 beverages. The greenness score of the developed method is calculated as 0.6, blueness as 65.0 and whiteness as 90.8 and 92.6 for PDA and tandem mass detector, respectively. As a result, the proposed method is green, sustainable, and applicable.