Abstract
Qubits based on quantum dots have excellent prospects for scalable quantum technology due to their compatibility with standard semiconductor manufacturing. While early research focused on the simpler electron system, recent demonstrations using multi-hole quantum dots illustrated the favourable properties holes can offer for fast and scalable quantum control. Here, we establish a single-hole spin qubit in germanium and demonstrate the integration of single-shot readout and quantum control. We deplete a planar germanium double quantum dot to the last hole, confirmed by radio-frequency reflectrometry charge sensing. To demonstrate the integration of single-shot readout and qubit operation, we show Rabi driving on both qubits. We find remarkable electric control over the qubit resonance frequencies, providing great qubit addressability. Finally, we analyse the spin relaxation time, which we find to exceed one millisecond, setting the benchmark for hole quantum dot qubits. The ability to coherently manipulate a single hole spin underpins the quality of strained germanium and defines an excellent starting point for the construction of quantum hardware.
Highlights
Qubits based on quantum dots have excellent prospects for scalable quantum technology due to their compatibility with standard semiconductor manufacturing
Research demonstrated the feasibility of using the spin-orbit coupling (SOC) for allelectric driving[17,18], but these experiments were limited by nuclear spins and the coherent driving of a single-hole spin remained an open challenge
Pauli spin blockade (PSB) readout allows for spin readout independent of the Zeeman splitting of the qubit, leveraging the large excited state energy purely defined by the orbital energy for holes in germanium
Summary
Qubits based on quantum dots have excellent prospects for scalable quantum technology due to their compatibility with standard semiconductor manufacturing. Achieving these assets on a single-hole spin demonstrates full control over the materials system and allows to tune the quantum dot occupancy at will, optimising the different qubit properties.
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