Abstract

目的探讨获得性血友病的病因、临床表现、临床诊断与治疗。方法对2010年3月至2014年6月诊断的22例获得性血友病患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。结果22例患者中,获得性血友病A(AHA)20例(90.9%),获得性血友病B(AHB)2例(9.1%)。AHA患者中,男、女各10例,中位年龄37.5 (2~95)岁,中位凝血因子Ⅷ活性(FⅧ∶C)为1.9%(0.5%~39.0%),以肌肉软组织血肿(80.0%)、皮肤瘀斑(75.0%)为主要临床表现;2例AHB患者均为男性儿童(1、3岁各1例),临床症状轻微,凝血因子Ⅸ活性(FⅨ∶C)分别为5.0%、16.0%。22例患者中,7例(31.8%)存在相关病因。所有患者均APTT延长,PT正常,APTT纠正试验不能纠正或检出抑制物(滴度值2~32 BU),狼疮抗凝物及抗心磷脂抗体阴性。19例患者接受血制品止血治疗,7例患者单独使用肾上腺糖皮质激素清除抑制物,11例患者接受肾上腺糖皮质激素联合其他免疫抑制剂清除抑制物,3例患者接受利妥昔单抗治疗。20例AHA患者中19例(95.0%)急性出血控制,8例(40.0%)患者抑制物消失且FⅧ∶C>50%[中位治疗时间42.5(21~145)d],因出血死亡1例。2例AHB患者分别在治疗48、60 d后FⅨ∶C达到35%、24%。结论获得性血友病并非罕见,可见于各年龄段,临床表现异质性高,儿童患者症状较轻。

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