A single aquaporin gene encodes a water/glycerol/urea facilitator in Toxoplasma gondii with similarity to plant tonoplast intrinsic proteins

Abstract

We describe a single aquaporin gene in Toxoplasma gondii which, surprisingly, has only 28% sequence similarity to the aquaglyceroporin of another apicomplexan parasite, Plasmodium falciparum. Sequence comparisons showed 47% similarity to water-specific plant aquaporins and the conservation of typical pore-forming residues. We established that the Toxoplasma aquaporin protein is a bifunctional membrane pore with intermediate water and high glycerol permeability. Furthermore, we identified hydroxyurea, an antineoplastic agent with inhibitory effects on parasite proliferation, as a permeant of this channel.