A simplified RT-PCR assay for the simultaneous detection of tomato chlorosis virus and tomato yellow leaf curl virus in tomato

Abstract

Tomato chlorosis virus (ToCV), a species of single-stranded RNA virus belonging to the Crinivirus genus, and Tomato yellow leaf curl virus (TYLCV), a species of single-stranded circular DNA virus belonging to the Begomovirus genus, are two major emerging viruses transmitted by whiteflies and are causing huge losses to tomato production worldwide. To facilitate the simultaneous detection of both viruses in co-infected plants for disease control, a duplex reverse-transcription PCR assay was developed. The assay used three primers, a degenerate reverse primer targeting a conserved region of TYLCV and the RNA2 of ToCV, and two virus-specific forward primers targeting the minor coat protein gene of ToCV and the C3 gene of TYLCV, respectively, to amplify a 762-bp and a 338-bp fragment from ToCV and TYLCV, respectively, in a single reaction. The concentration of the primers, annealing temperature and amplification cycles used in the assay were optimized, and the sensitivity of the assay was assessed. Using this assay, 150 tomato leaf samples collected from the field during 2018 were tested. The results showed that both viruses could be detected simultaneously in co-infected field samples. The assay should benefit the rapid detection of these two viruses in tomato crops and would facilitate early warning of infections for the control of the two virus diseases.