Abstract
In this contribution, we present a simple importance sampling technique to considerably speed up Monte Carlo simulations for bit error rate estimation of orthogonal space-time block coded systems on spatially correlated Nakagami fading channels.
Highlights
In digital communications, the bit error rate (BER) serves as a fundamental performance measure
In the case of low BER, the computation time associated with Monte Carlo (MC) simulations can be very long, since many bits must be sent to generate a sufficient number of bit errors
The relevant channel distribution is the joint distribution of the channel transfer function values at the subcarrier frequencies, which is to be derived from the joint distribution of the channel impulse response samples
Summary
The bit error rate (BER) serves as a fundamental performance measure. In order to speed up these simulations without losing precision, importance sampling (IS) [1] can be employed The latter technique aims to reduce the variance of the BER estimator by using a biased distribution for the input variables that increases the bit error probability during simulation. Using the MC method, the average BER can be estimated by independently generating a set of N realizations {xi} of the input vector x according to the actual PDF p(x) and simulating for each realization the system operations that yield the bit decisions at the receiver. Note that the biased distribution q(x) provides us with an additional degree of freedom which can be used to reduce the variance σ ∗2 of the BER estimate, which is given by σ ∗2. A suitable approximation of Pb,n(h) is needed to obtain a biased distribution (17) that adequately reduces the variance of the estimate Pb∗,n
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