Abstract
Nepeta rtanjensis Diklić et Milojević as an endemic and critically endangered plant in Serbia is the object of great scientific interest. N. rtanjensis is a rare plant of a limited distribution its application in traditional medicine is practically unknown. However, bioactive potential of 4aα,7α,7aβ-nepetalactone, the main compound from volatile fraction, as well as rosmarinic and 3-O-caffeoylquinic acid from non-volatile fraction is great. Scientists found that this plant possesses good antimicrobial activities against Aspergillus sp., Bacillus cereus, Enterococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Listeria monocytogenes, Micrococcus flavus, Penicillium sp., Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella sp. and Staphylococcus aureus. N. rtanjensis can be used preserving foods and beverages as well as for prevention and treatment of diseases caused by common and emerging food borne pathogens. Furthermore, antioxidant, anticancer (cervix, breast and colon carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma and myelogenous leukemia cells) and immunomodulating activity are also noted. However, toxicity in zebrafish model was not observed, so N. rtanjensis can be classified as safe for human health. Furthermore, phytotoxic potential against Ambrosia artemisiifolia as well as activity against plant pathogens (Alternaria sp., Cladosporium cladosporoides, Bipolaris spicifera and Trichoderma viridae) are also noted. There is potential fordeveloping novel biopesticide formulations.
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