Abstract
Four overarching themes from this scoping review were identified, namely: (a) clients' right for autonomy and self-determination; (b) cultural sensitivity; (c) practitioner competency issues; and (d) recommended guidelines for ethical practice. These themes were aligned with the moral principles that guide professional ethical practice. A competency-based model was designed based on findings to enhance counselor/clinician competencies by enhancing sensitivity to spiritual and religious sentiments, which allows greater responsiveness to the clients' needs, values and preferences.
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