A robust optimization model for capacity configuration of PV/battery/hydrogen system considering multiple uncertainties

Abstract

The capacity configuration optimization of photovoltaic (PV) hydrogen system with battery has been widely concerned, but many existing studies only take hydrogen as an energy storage mode of smooth power, rather than dedicated to hydrogen production to meet the needs of chemical plants for hydrogen, and it ignores the impact of the fluctuation of PV output and the uncertainty of hydrogen demand on the system capacity configuration optimization. For overcoming this disadvantage, a PV/battery/hydrogen system is proposed, which is specially used for hydrogen production, and for the sake of system economy, the excess power will be weighed whether to store it in the battery or sell it in the green certificate trading market, and a new trading model is formed. Moreover, a robust optimization model is established to deal with the impact of PV output, green power transaction price and hydrogen demand volatility on system capacity configuration. Finally, the characteristics of the model are tested by a real case of a chemical plant in Jiuquan City, Gansu Province. The results show that the capacity configuration scheme of the proposed model can effectively resist the demand uncertainty of hydrogen, the capacity of the electrolyzer and battery can still meet the needs of the chemical plant, even if the demand of the hydrogen increases by 40%.