Abstract
Summary Cancer longipes Linnaeus, 1758 is designated type species of the genus Phalangipus Latreille, 1825. A neotype is designated for cancer longipes. A lectotype is designated for Egeria Herbstii H. M. Edwards in 1834 and Egeria indica Leach 1814 which is considered to be a single species distinct from P. longipes (Egeria arachnoides (auct)). Egeria investigatoris Alcock 1895 is considered to represent the adult of Naxia hystrix Miers 1886. Three new species are described, P. persicus from the Iranian Gulf (recorded as P. arachnoides by Nobili and as P. longipes by Stephensen), P. malakkensis from the Malay Archipelago and P. trachysternus from northern Australia and New Guinea (recorded by some authors as P. longipes). The number of species in the genus is thus increased from five to nine; the genus is confined to the Indo-West Pacific. A key is given to the species which are described and illustrated. Many of the species are extremely variable morphologically. The known geographic range of P. austral...
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