A Review

Abstract

Modernization has led to technological advancement, apart from the motor bike and motor car and high-speed internet. All these were only possible due to the miniaturization of electronic components that are now easily mounted on a printed circuit board. Today the world is dependent on miniaturized communication devices and vastly growing use of modern communication devices in everyday routines. Presently, the growth in wireless communication has increased in cellular phones, wireless local area networks (WLANs), Global Positioning Systems (GPSs) and satellite telephones. This advancement in wireless communication is due to the rapid development of microwave integrated circuits that can embed all the components of the circuits on the same printed boards. In all these communication devices, one major device is always present, which is the antenna. Nowadays, microstrip patch antennas have been used in almost all wireless communication devices such as mobile phones, laptops, data cards and so on. These devices can function at more than one frequency range for various applications. Because band performance of the antenna degrades when functioning at third and higher order frequencies, further bandwidth is limited for the applications. Thus, future demand is for higher bandwidth that can be utilized for expected bands applications. In previous years, the development of microstrip patch for various wireless communications has increased.