Abstract
In Wireless Communication, Radio Spectrum is doing a vital role; for the future need it should use efficient. The existing system, it is not possible to use it efficiently where the allocation of spectrum is done based on fixed spectrum access (FSA) policy. Several surveys prove that it show the way to inefficient use of spectrum. An innovative technique is needed for spectrum utilization effectively. Using Dynamic spectrum access (DSA) policy, available spectrum can be exploited. Cognitive radio arises to be an attractive solution which introduces opportunistic usage of the frequency bands that are not commonly occupied by licensed users. Cognitive radios promote open spectrum allocation which is a clear departure from habitual command and control allocation process for radio spectrum usage. In short, it permits the formation of “infrastructure-less†joint network clusters which is called Cognitive Radio Networks (CRN). Conversely the spectrum sensing techniques are needed to detect free spectrum. In this paper, different spectrum sensing techniques are analyzed.
Highlights
The challenge of wireless network design is the use of frequency spectrum
Usage of the frequency band can be enhanced by introducing Secondary User (SU) which will continuously identify the presence of PU called the spectrum sensing, and utilize licensed band when Primary User (PU) is absent
On other side of fusion center (FC), if the cyclic redundancy check (CRC) examination is successful on the Lth orthogonal subchannel, FC consider the lack of PU as the initial result detected by CU if not, it considers the attendance of PU as the CU initial finding result [6,7]
Summary
The challenge of wireless network design is the use of frequency spectrum. With the drastic increase in communication applications in various countries, almost the entire spectrum has been fully allocated resulting in the spectrum congestion problem. From the latest report of Federal Communication Commission (FCC) about 15 to 85% of spectrum is not utilized [1]. Usage of the frequency band can be enhanced by introducing Secondary User (SU) which will continuously identify the presence of PU called the spectrum sensing, and utilize licensed band when Primary User (PU) is absent. Secondary User (SU) will transmit their knowledge without disrupting licensed user (PU), such an opportunity is called spectrum hole and the spectrum device that Indentify these holes are called Cognitive Radio (CR). Cognitive radio is widely as one of the Hopeful technology for the future wireless communication.
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