A Review on Research and Technology Development of Green Hydrogen Energy Systems with Thermal Management and Heat Recovery

Abstract

This paper presents a review of recent research and development progress on green hydrogen energy systems and associated thermal management and waste heat recovery technologies. First, hydrogen production methods are briefed. Second, various electrolysis systems used for carbon free hydrogen production from renewable and nuclear resources are discussed. Then, hydrogen utilization using proton-exchange fuel cells is scrutinized. Next, hydrogen energy systems integrated with metal hydride energy storage are elaborated. A focus of this review is on thermal management and process intensification technologies for hydrogen energy systems and integrated metal hydride hydrogen storage technologies. Various process and heat transfer enhancement techniques for heat removal and utilization are presented. Advanced cooling technologies for hydrogen energy systems such as two-phase and boiling for cooling, microchannels for heat removal, CO2 air conditioner and using nanofluids for heat removal are discussed. Finally, heat recovery technologies in green hydrogen energy systems are summarized. This review has also identified future research and technology development needs for green hydrogen energy utilization, thermal management, and heat recovery systems.