A review on recent development and challenges in automotive brake pad-disc system

Abstract

From a tribological prospect, the brake pad-disc system undergoes severe abrasive and adhesive wear mechanism in the production of wear debris. Because of the constant abrasion, this procedure produces fine particle debris, which certainly harm the environment. The conventional material for brake-discs is usually grey cast iron in the pearlite form with lamellar graphite phases. These materials are thermally conductive and have a high thermal capacity. It also has a high corrosive tendency and severe material wear throughout the service. According to studies, PM10 emissions (inhalable particles-particulate materials with dimensions of 10 µm or less) from disc brake wear can account for 50% of overall non-exhaust wear emissions from vehicle transport. The interplay between the friction pairs has the greatest impact on the braking performance of the diverse brake regimes. The friction material used in brakes has a considerable impact on the contact situation in the brake disc of a car. As a result, friction material qualities have a critical influence in brake performance, specifically at severe braking condition, in which the system temperature rises beyond critical value. The sensitivity of disc brakes to pressure, speed, and temperature in a braking phase is generally governed by the system ingredients and their quantity. Therefore, this research paper focusses on the analysis of the historical evolution of the brake pads, challenges and future prospective of the automotive brake-pad disc system.