A review on properties and applications of TiO2 and associated nanocomposite materials

Abstract

Abstract Nanoparticles has become a major part of scientific interest one of the most recent research and applications are done with TiO2 nanoparticles due to its wide range of application in treatment of water, health sector, energy sector and also for the treatment of environment pollutants such as dyes and also in cosmetics the key features of TiO2 nanoparticles involves high surface area that can be utilized for catalytic reactions low toxicity, chemical and physical stability, cost effectiveness and etc. one of its key feature is that is can also be prepared in a green method by using plant extracts acting as stabilizers. It is found in three phases namely Anatase, Rutile and brookite each with is unique applications according to its properties, the application of TiO2 is mainly based upon the modification of the electron-hole pair recombination and the modification in its wide band gap via using the concept of quantum confinement, the absorption range of pure TiO2 nanoparticles is the ultraviolet region is photo catalytically of very less use, the absorption region of TiO2 be prioritized to visible part of the radiation by means of doping metals, non-metals, and semiconductors with narrow band gap which gives composites of TiO2 this can help in the preparation of photocatalyst for the generation of hydroxyl and superoxide radicals which are strong oxidizing, these radical can also be utilized in the treatment purpose of cancer. TiO2 nanoparticles can be prepared by various methodssuch as hydrothermal, sol–gel etc depending upon their application. Also has various shapes like Quantum dots, nanotubes and etc. Classification can also be done on the basis of their photocatalytic products.