A Review on nano-emulsion based gel formulations: emulgel, technology and recent advances

Abstract

Dermatological products are being used for treating skin infections and pain /inflammation related disease from ancient times. The topical drug delivery provides many advantages over the other routes of drug administration. Apart from conventional dosage forms like creams, powders, lotions, gels, ointments, researchers are exploring new modifications in the dosage form for improved drug penetrations and enhanced pharmacodynamic activity of poorly absorbed drugs from the skin. Existing topical formulations are associated with the problems like stability, stickiness, irritation, lower spreadability, limited drug permeability and absorption. Formulation of Nano-emulsion based gels (Emulgel) is proved to be prominent approach for overcoming the barriers associated with the conventional dosage forms. Emulgels are prepared by screening oils, surfactant and co-surfactant on the basis of drug solubility. Nano-Emulsion is prepared using suitable techniques and then embedded into the gel matrix for skin application. Drug present in the oil portion in the micelles form (less than 500nm globule size) provides more area for absorption thereby more penetration and therapeutic activity. Emulgel processes desirable properties like greaseless, spreadability, emollient, non-staining, good consistency and improved organoleptic characteristics. Permeations enhancers are also explored for enhancing the penetration of drug incorporated in the Emulgel.