A Review on Laser-Induced Breakdown Spectroscopy in Different Cancers Diagnosis and Classification

Muhammad Nouman Khan,Muhammad Abrar,Kai Wei,Geer Teng,Bushra Sana Idrees,Xutai Cui,Wenting Xiangli,Qianqian Wang,Zhifang Zhao

doi:10.3389/fphy.2022.821057

Abstract

Due to the new demonstrations of Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) applicability in a surprisingly wide variety of applications, the use of LIBS as a medical diagnostic tool is steadily gaining momentum. Especially in different cancer diseases, LIBS has the potential to become a fast and valuable analytical tool. We addressed LIBS equipment and quantitative analytical procedures, and signal enhancement techniques for improving element detection. For detailed aspects of applications, we reviewed the recent progress of LIBS in different cancer diseases diagnoses by using different tissues and medical fluid as samples. To fulfill the high demands in the medical industry and overcome the severe tissue sample problem, it is proposed that the chemometric and signal amplification techniques for quantitative analysis should be employed, and robust and effective LIBS devices should be developed. This overview of the different cancers by LIBS is meant to summarize the research performed to date and suggest some suitable advanced chemometrics techniques and effective LIBS devices, if successfully implemented, would be significantly beneficial to the medical field in the future.

Highlights

Cancer is a kind of disease caused by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in body organs
For detailed aspects of applications, we reviewed the recent progress of Laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (LIBS) in different cancer diseases diagnoses by using different tissues and medical fluid as samples
The findings demonstrate that the ratios of calcium (Ca), copper (Cu) and sodium (Na) to potassium (K) line concentrations are higher in a malignant sample than those in a normal one

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Cancer is a kind of disease caused by the uncontrolled growth of abnormal cells in body organs. These abnormal cells are called cancer cells, tumor cells, or malignant cells. Many scientific and therapeutic efforts are underway to identify and combat cancer effectively For this purpose, some X-ray-based imaging techniques like particle-induced X-ray emission (PIXE), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and X-ray fluorescence microscopy (XRF) were used [3,4,5]. Molecular spectroscopy like near-infrared (NIR) and Raman Spectroscopy (RS) [8] were used, which is very simple and non-destructive Still, they give only the molecular structure of the tissue sample and have relatively weak signals and complex spectral background

A Review on Laser-Induced Breakdown

Methods

Findings

SUMMARY AND FUTURE PROSPECTUS