Abstract
Intracellular delivery is a critical step in biological discoveries and has been widely utilized in biomedical research. A variety of molecular tools have been developed for cell-based gene therapies, including FDA approved CAR-T immunotherapy, iPSC, cell reprogramming and gene editing. Despite the inspiring results of these applications, intracellular delivery of foreign molecules including nucleic acids and proteins remains challenging. Efficient yet non-invasive delivery of biomolecules in a high-throughput manner has thus long fascinates the scientific community. As one of the most popular non-viral technologies for cell transfection, electroporation has gone through enormous development with the assist of nanotechnology and microfabrication. Emergence of miniatured electroporation system brought up many merits over the weakness of traditional electroporation system, including precise dose control and high cell viability. These new generation of electroporation systems are of considerable importance to expand the biological applications of intracellular delivery, bypassing the potential safety issue of viral vectors. In this review, we will go over the recent progresses in the electroporation-based intracellular delivery and several potential applications of cutting-edge research on the miniatured electroporation, including gene therapy, cellular reprogramming and intracellular probe.
Highlights
Cells are the basic building blocks of all living organisms, while molecules, as the currency of information in cellular exchange, are responsible for the cellular structure and orienting cells toward specific function
44ofof19 nanotechnological systems have emerged for the revolution of miniatured electroporation, which to nanotechnological systems have emerged for the revolution of miniatured electroporation, which to great extent addressed the challenges in permeabilizing cells initiated by electric field
On the strength of permeabilization triggered by electric filed, bulk electroporation has been to deliver a diverse range of cargo molecules and materials of interest to the intracellular space
Summary
Junfeng Shi 1,† , Yifan Ma 1,2,† , Jing Zhu 3 , Yuanxin Chen 4 , Yating Sun 5 , Yicheng Yao 5 , Zhaogang Yang 1, * and Jing Xie 5, *. Received: 27 September 2018; Accepted: 17 November 2018; Published: 21 November 2018
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