Abstract
Covid19 (Coronavirus) is a life-threatening virus that mainly affects our respiratory system, kidney, and GIT tract. People with a low immune system in their body fall prey to it. This virus (2019-nCoV) spreads easily from one person to another. As there is no treatment to kill the virus, the only way to stop this pandemic is through precautions and reduce the viral load in the body. This review reveals the main types of coronaviruses, history, pathophysiology, current treatment, drawbacks of current treatment, targets for drug development against Covid-19, vaccines discovered for covid-19, side effects of the currently available vaccines, and current status of this situation. The main mechanism of action of the virus easily enters to bind with the Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2 (ACE2) in the human body cells. Management of the virus several approaches will be taken mainly isolation of the patients and contacts the contacts, oxygen therapy for respiratory failure patients based on the severity Remdesivir, Lopinavir/ritonavir, Chloroquine, and Hydroxychloroquine, Alpha-interferon and plasma therapy can be used to control the infections. In India, AYUSH is also recommended to enhance the immune system through herbal-based products, Vaccination is also recommended by most of the countries, but many side effects and drug-drug interactions were reported for the above treatments. So that in future a new way of approach should be developed by our health organization as soon as possible.
Highlights
Viruses are infectious agents that replicate only inside the body
This review included the article from 1995 to 2021 and the data related to the review topic was collected from the various databases PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar by using the search words: severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) Cov2, pathophysiology, Current treatment strategy, Vaccines, herbal studies in Covid and new strains of Corona Viruses
The latest news for COVID-19 treatment is that a first new biologic therapy-Itolizumab which is administered at a dose of 25 mg/5 ml injection solution to treat cytokine release syndrome (CRS) in moderate to Severe Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) patients with COVID-19 [20]
Summary
Viruses are infectious agents that replicate only inside the body. There are different kinds of viruses such as chickenpox virus, herpes virus, adenovirus, etc [1]. This review included the article from 1995 to 2021 and the data related to the review topic was collected from the various databases PubMed, Science Direct, and Google Scholar by using the search words: SARS Cov2, pathophysiology, Current treatment strategy, Vaccines, herbal studies in Covid and new strains of Corona Viruses. Adult patients hospitalized with confirmed SARS-COV-2 infection were provided with Lopinavir/ritonavir combination drug at a dose of 400 mg and 100 mg, respectively, twice a day for 14 d.
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