Abstract
In the last decades, environmental crises and increasing energy demand have motivated researchers to investigate the practical techniques for the production of clean fuels through renewable energy resources. It is essential to develop technologies to utilize glycerol as a byproduct derived from biodiesel. Glycerol is known as a sustainable and clean source of energy, which can be an alternative resource for the production of value-added chemicals and hydrogen. The hydrogen production via steam reforming (SR) of glycerol using Ni-based catalysts is one of the promising approaches for the entry of the hydrogen economy. The purpose of this review paper is to highlight the recent trends in hydrogen production over Ni-based catalysts using the SR of glycerol. The intrinsic ability of Ni to disperse easily over variable supports makes it a more viable active phase for the SR catalysts. The optimal reaction conditions have been indicated as 650–900 °C, 1 bar, and 15 wt% Ni in catalysts for high glycerol conversion. In this review paper, the effects of various supports, different promoters (K, Ca, Sr, Ce, La, Cr, Fe), and process conditions on the catalytic performance have been summarized and discussed to provide a better comparison for the future works. It was found that Ce, Mg, and La have a significant effect on catalytic performance as promoters. Moreover, SR of glycerol over hydrotalcite and perovskite-based catalysts have been reviewed as they suggest high catalytic performance in SR of glycerol with improved thermal stability and coke resistance. More specifically, the Ni/LaNi0.9Cu0.1O3 synthesized using perovskite-type supports has shown high glycerol conversion and sufficient hydrogen selectivity at low temperatures. On the other hand, hydrotalcite-like catalysts have shown higher catalytic stability due to high thermal stability and low coke formation. It is vital to notice that the primary concern is developing a high-performance catalyst to utilize crude glycerol efficiently.
Highlights
Energy demand is inevitably increasing referring the population growth and considering environmental issues such as climate change and air pollution, development of novel technologies for the production of clean fuels is inventible and rapidly increasing
It was observed that the coke deposition had been increased when the Figure 9b illustrates thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) results for the synthesized catalysts in the steam reforming (SR) of glycerol at 450 °C and pressure in the SR of glycerol was increased, which reveals the positive impact of atmospheric pressure various pressures (1~8 bar)
O3) catalysts were synthesized by a perovskite exhibiting high that The configuration nanoparticles on the perovskite-type oxidesprecursor, had enhanced the glycerol catalytic performance in SR of glycerol at as which could be a result of uniform dispersion of Cu decomposition and dehydration process particles
Summary
Nasim Ghaffari Saeidabad 1,2 , Young Su Noh 1,3 , Ali Alizadeh Eslami 1,2 , Hyun Tae Song 1,2 , Hyun Dong Kim 1,3 , Ali Fazeli 1,4 and Dong Ju Moon 1,2,3, *.
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