A Review on Automatic Control in Power System

Abstract

Power systems are the foundation of contemporary society, providing energy for businesses, homes, and technological advancements. Precision, adaptability, and reliability are essential for these systems' complicated network of parts to satisfy the rising needs of our energy-hungry society. In this review paper, the vital function of automatic control systems in power systems is examined, along with how very important they are to maintaining stability, dependability, and sustainability. In the opening section of the essay, the basic building blocks of power systems generators, transformers, transmission lines, distribution networks, substations, and control centers are explained. The complex interactions between these components highlight how dynamic and complicated power systems are, posing several problems that need for clever control measures. Different control methods are examined, from conventional ones like proportional-integral-derivative (PID) control to cutting-edge ones like model predictive control and adaptive control methods. Each approach is evaluated for its unique benefits and innate weaknesses, providing a thorough grasp of its applicability in various operational settings. The command and control of the current power grid depends on Wide-Area Monitoring and Control (WAMS) systems, which are made possible by synchrophasor technology and reliable communication networks. Grid operators have the tools they need to maintain stability and respond quickly to emergencies thanks to their capacity to offer real-time data and improve situational awareness.