Abstract
Exuding often occurs in the inflammatory stage both for acute wounds and chronic wounds. Absorbent wound dressings are specially developed and used in exuding wounds. In order to reduce bacteria and risk of infection, many absorbent dressings are impregnated with silver ions or particles which are the most widely used substance to obtain antimicrobial effects and therefore this review focuses on the antimicrobial absorbent dressings treated with silver ions or silver particles. The methods of dispersing silver in dressings include coating or spraying silver-containing solution on the wound dressing surface, padding the wetted dressing with pressure, embedding silver nanoparticles in non-woven fibers. When silver dressings absorb exudate from wounds, the antimicrobial silver will be activated and then breaks down the bacterial cell wall to kill the bacterium. Silver foam dressings and silver alginate dressings are the most popular antimicrobial absorbent dressings, which have been developed and produced by many health care companies.
Highlights
Skin is the largest organ in the human body, which plays a crucial role as a protective barrier to the external environment, preventing external noxious agents such as bacteria and viruses and maintaining the internal environment through the regulation of water and electrolyte balance and thermoregulation
Bacteria and other organisms in the exudate have an adverse effect on wound healing process which may prolong inflammatory stage and cause infection, even lead to acute wounds convert to hard-to-heal chronic wounds
Since this review focuses on the absorbent dressings for exuding wounds, reducing exudate levels is the main task for absorbent dressing
Summary
Skin is the largest organ in the human body, which plays a crucial role as a protective barrier to the external environment, preventing external noxious agents such as bacteria and viruses and maintaining the internal environment through the regulation of water and electrolyte balance and thermoregulation. Bacteria and other organisms in the exudate have an adverse effect on wound healing process which may prolong inflammatory stage and cause infection, even lead to acute wounds convert to hard-to-heal chronic wounds. Chronic wound fluid has high levels of proteolytic enzymes having an adverse effect on wound healing by interfering cell proliferation, of keratinocytes, fibroblasts and endothelial cells [18,19] With this understanding of these differences between acute and chronic wound, principles of selecting different dressing methods are established. Eschar-black/ brown necrotic tissue, can be hard or soft, with or without light exudate
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