Abstract
Given the increasing vehicular pollution and emission of ultrafine particles (UFP) from it, there is growing concern regarding environmental and health effects worldwide. Although research has been done to examine such effects but a composite literature review of such studies is lacking. It is intended to review the historical developments, present position and forthcoming trends of such research. The scope of this review encompasses formation, release, health effects and control of traffic generated UFPs and re-suspended from the roads and emanating from road tyre abrasion. PRISMA approach for reviewing literature has been followed. A database literature search examining such effects was carried out at Google scholar, PubMed, circulation and web of science etc. The criterion selected was peer-reviewed, empirical, original articles, research and review papers up to July 2017. Overall 279 research and review papers, conference papers, reports, book chapters and lectures were studied and 206 ultimately incorporated in this review article. The developments in this field are discussed and recommendations suggested. This paper analyses the status of UFP related pollution during vehicular motion and reviews the current literature of the research done in this field. More scientific research pertaining to health and environmental effects of vehicular UFPs is needed, especially in developing countries, to support the policy framings.
Highlights
Dust, smoke and air pollution have been a matter of concern from very ancient times
The vibrant behavior of ultrafine particles (UFP) along roadside atmosphere is attributed to its volatile components which fluctuate with condensation and evaporation together with condensable organic compounds (COCs) that are pivotal in UFPs formation there [70,71,72]
Highest mean diurnal fluctuations in UFP range were reported during mornings when people are going to schools and offices [82, 83]
Summary
Smoke and air pollution have been a matter of concern from very ancient times. The first scientific paper presented on particulates (dust) was ―On dust and disease‖ by John Tyndall during a lecture on June 24, 1871 at Royal Institution of Great Britain [1]. Majority of particle number concentrations (PNC) emanated from diesel engines comes under the nanoparticle range (Dp
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