A Review of the Vitiligo Literature to Standardize Expression of Disease Severity.

Abstract

The literature on vitiligo is heterogeneous with limited standardization in vitiligo disease severity reporting. The IDEOM Vitiligo Workgroup initiated a project to develop an improved understanding of clinical reporting of vitiligo severity. A medical librarian-developed literature review identified 50 clinical trials treating vitiligo topically using topical corticosteroids or topical tacrolimus that included adult and pediatric patients, with 10 or more patients, with grading by SORT criteria. Grading systems used included body surface area scoring (BSA) clinically or via photography and mapping. Most studies create a grading system of repigmentation including G0- no change, G1- 1-25%, G2- 26-50%, G3- 51-75%, G4- 75-99%, and G5- 100%. Variations include reporting success as thresholds >25% (G2-G5), >50% (G3-G5), and >75% (G4-G5) repigmentation. Vitiligo Area Scoring Index (VASI), Dermatology Life Quality Index (DLQI), patient satisfaction, and the vitiligo noticeability scale are all standardized scoring systems that have been used in clinical studies. Other metrics reported include onset and maintenance of response, treatment burden, side effects, and cost-effectiveness. BSA total and quartiles of improvement are the most commonly reported metrics in studies with high-level evidence. The addition of categories of no improvement, complete clearance, spontaneous improvement, and worsening appears to enhance information collection. Collection of data using photographs or computer-assisted BSA monitoring enhances data reproducibility. Thresholds of success should include 25%, 50%, 75%, and adding 90% and 100% repigmentation. VASI represents a validated collection method, which can be modified for 50%, 75%, and 90% improvement. Newer metrics including treatment burden and cost effectiveness are emerging metrics under evaluation. J Drugs Dermatol. 2024;23(10):842-846. doi:10.36849/JDD.8049.