A review of Saprolegniosis

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The most common infection in freshwater fish is a fungal infection, and they occur when the fish's immune system is weakened. Saprolegnia are fungi found in freshwater ecosystems around the world, and some species may be found in brackish to estuarine waters. These fungi need water to grow and hexose, which is why they are called water molds. Most transmission is by zoospores, which are produced by vegetative hyphae. Fish infections are usually caused by non-living sources, i.e. the fungus hexes on non-living organic matter and then attacks the fish.