Abstract
Purpose: The placement of implants in the alveolar bone remains a challenge because of the resorption of the residual ridge resulting in insufficient bone volume in one or more dimensions. Need of the hour is to review the various options to rehabilitate posterior atrophic maxilla with/without bone modification procedures. Study Selection: MEDLINE/PubMed searches were conducted using the terms atrophic maxilla, implants, buttresses, grafts, maxillary sinus, osteotomy as well as combinations of these and related terms. The few articles judged to be relevant were reviewed. Results: Appropriate treatment planning is crucial and various factors need to be considered before placing implants in atrophic alveolar bone Bone grafting, osseodistraction and sinus lifts are invasive procedures. In addition, they add complexity and increase the number of surgical phases required for implant therapy. Different therapeutic alternatives, such as, short implants, or implants placed in specific anatomical areas like the pterygoid region, the tuber or the zygoma has allowed patient treatment to be expedited and minimally invasive. Conclusion: Important aspects that need to be considered for implant placement in posterior atrophic maxilla are discussed in this article and both surgical and non-surgical options are suggested. There is no consensus as to which treatment modality is superior to the other in literature. The decision to opt for either of the options, therefore, depends upon patient factors, and ultimately, the expertise and skill of the clinician.
Published Version
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