Abstract
The present paper provides a review of two research topics that are central to geospatial semantics: information modeling and elicitation. The first topic deals with the development of ontologies at different levels of generality and formality, tailored to various needs and uses. The second topic involves a set of processes that aim to draw out latent knowledge from unstructured or semi-structured content: semantic-based extraction, enrichment, search, and analysis. These processes focus on eliciting a structured representation of information in various forms such as: semantic metadata, links to ontology concepts, a collection of topics, etc. The paper reviews the progress made over the last five years in these two very active areas of research. It discusses the problems and the challenges faced, highlights the types of semantic information formalized and extracted, as well as the methodologies and tools used, and identifies directions for future research.
Highlights
Geospatial semantics has been at the center of research over the last 20 years
The semantic problems occurring during the exchange, reuse, and integration of heterogeneous spatial data and the need to achieve semantic interoperability were among the first research challenges faced by the Geographic Information Science (GIScience) community [1]
The paper provides a review of semantic-based approaches to information modeling and elicitation spanning the last five years of research
Summary
Geospatial semantics has been at the center of research over the last 20 years. The semantic problems occurring during the exchange, reuse, and integration of heterogeneous spatial data and the need to achieve semantic interoperability were among the first research challenges faced by the Geographic Information Science (GIScience) community [1]. Research on ontologies allowed for formal representations of geospatial concepts and enriched the discussion on the nature and conceptualization of geographic space Over these years, several reviews of geospatial semantics have highlighted different research directions based on the challenges of that specific period. In this paper; the term is used more broadly to embrace a set of processes that aim to draw out latent knowledge from unstructured or semi-structured content: semantic-based extraction, enrichment, search, and analysis These processes focus on eliciting a structured representation of information in various forms, such as: semantic metadata, links to ontology concepts, a collection of topics, a semantic network, etc. It discusses the various problems targeted and the challenges faced, highlights the types of semantic information formalized and extracted, as well as the methodologies and tools used, and identifies directions for future research
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