Abstract
Medicinal plants have been used by humans for centuries in the treatment of health disorders and prevention of diseases including epidemics. Over the years, knowledge of their medicinal properties has been transferred within and among human communities. Natural products have been obtained from medicinal plants that are confirmed to be rich sources of biologically active compounds, some of which are used for the development of new chemicals for the pharmaceutical industry. Active compounds produced are used in the treatment of a variety of infectious diseases. Neem imposes a check on microbial growth and the breakdown of cell membrane capability, thus exhibiting an antimicrobial role. Different parts of the neem tree are potent against various microorganisms and are shown to reveal antimicrobial effects. Data of numerous plants so far considered to have been used in experiments on antimicrobial activity have been obtained and scientifically proven, along with the rising number of reports on pathogenic microorganisms resistant to antimicrobial agents. Metal hyper-accumulating plants are known to shelter a co-evolved microbiota, and an essential role has been documented in microbial-assisted phytoremediation. Medicinal plants play a crucial role in sheltering endophytes, which are potentially concerned with the biosynthesis of plant constituents and the synthesis of bioactive compounds. The production of antimicrobial bioactive compounds by endophytes is currently receiving urgent concern due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant pathogens. The possible basis for choosing advantageous microorganisms that may positively affect plant health is the rhizosphere of many medicinal plants. Therefore, the rationale of this review is to emphasize the function of the endophytic microbiota of medicinal plants in the production of plant-based antimicrobial compounds for contributing toward health and remedial measures.
Published Version
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