A review: Methodologies for the synthesis of anthra[2,3-b]thiophene and naphtho[2,3-b:6,7-b′]dithiophene fragments for organic semiconductor materials

Abstract

Anthracenes and their heteroatom derivatives are of high interest in recent years because of their unique properties for biological, photophysical, and photochemical applications. Nowadays, these are many and include biological sensors and their use in solar cells, OFETs, OLEDs and many other organic materials applications. In this review we highlight recent methodologies for the synthesis of anthra[2,3-b]thiophene 1 and naphtho[2,3-b:6,7-b']dithiophene 2 using many of the best available different methods.The main challenge in preparing these materials is the cost of the required starting materials. However, some significant developments in overcoming this limitation have been described in the last few years. In this review, we focus on mono and dithiophene acene cores for organic semiconductor materials that have attracted attention in recent decades.