A Retrospective Study of Lacunar Stroke Cases in University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC) According to Age and Gender

Abstract

Worldwide, stroke was ranked as the second commonest cause of death and the third most common cause of disability-adjusted life-years. Lacunar stroke is one type of stroke. The aim of this study is to determine the dependability of gender differences in lacunar stroke epidemiology on patient age as the influence of gender on stroke risk and outcome changes across the lifespan. Thus, this study was to identify age, and gender differences among lacunar stroke patients at University Malaya Medical Centre (UMMC). This study was conducted retrospectively from January 2016 to December 2019 in UMMC. Patients were selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria. The inclusion criteria include a clinical diagnosis of lacunar stroke, age categories of middle age (40 – 59 years old) and older age (60 years and above), as well as undergo CT examination. The exclusion criterion is other than lacunar stroke patients. Patient’s data on gender and age were retrieved from the database PACS of UMMC. The analyzation includes cross tabulation of categorical data and independent t-test. Among 94 cases, higher cases of lacunar stroke are found to occur in men (58.51%). Furthermore, both middle age (13.83%) and older age (44.68%) among male patient shows higher percentage of lacunar incidence compared to female patients. Moreover, old age patients (76.60%) for each gender shows higher percentage of lacunar incidence compared to middle-aged patients (23.30%). Meanwhile the independent t-test result demonstrated that the mean age of female patients (67.79) diagnosed with lacunar stroke is not statistically different from the mean age of male patients (68.47). The study indicated that lacunar stroke is most likely to occur in men either at age 40 or 60 and above. Higher cases were recorded in older category which is at age 60 and above for both genders.