A replacement name for the Baltic amber ripidiine genus <i>Olemehlia</i> (Coleoptera: Ripiphoridae)

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The purpose of this application, under Article 67.2 of the Code, is to conserve the current usage of the generic name BothriembryonPilsbry, 1894, a well-established genus of land snail endemic to the southern half of Australia and whose name has been used consistently for over a century. Bothriembryon is a replacement name for LiparusAlbers, 1850, a junior homonym of LiparusOlivier, 1807 (Coleoptera), and automatically takes its type species (Article 67.8). The name is threatened by a change in the type species of Liparus. Although no type species was originally designated for LiparusAlbers, 1850, the two species originally included in Liparus are currently placed in genera of different families. Pilsbry (1894) designated Helix meloQuoy & Gaimard, 1832 as the type species for the replacement name Bothriembryon, but it is invalid as it is not one of the originally included species. Acceptance of either of the originally included species in Liparus would mean the synonymy of Bothriembryon with either PygmipandaIredale, 1933 (type species Bulimus atomatusGray, 1834 by original designation) or LeucotaeniusAlbers & Martens, 1860 (type species Bulimus favanniiLamarck, 1822 by original designation), respectively. To promote nomenclatural stability, it is proposed that all type species fixations for the genus LiparusAlbers, 1850 be set aside, and to designate Helix meloQuoy & Gaimard, 1832 as the type species.

A review of the Nearctic genera and Canadian and Alaskan species of theOcaleagroup is presented. Ten genera are treated, with five erected as new:AlfocaleaKlimaszewskigen. nov.(type species:A. montanaKlimaszewskisp. nov.),BetocaleaKlimaszewskigen. nov.(type species:B. pacificaKlimaszewskisp. nov.),GennadotaCasey (reinstated),LongipeltinaBernhauer,MegocaleaKlimaszewskigen. nov.(type species:M. lemieuxiKlimaszewskisp. nov.),MetocaleaKlimaszewskigen. nov.(type species:M. lindgreniKlimaszewskisp. nov.),Neoisoglossa(Casey) (nomen novum),NeothetaliaKlimaszewskigen. nov.(type species:N. nimia(Casey)),OcaleaErichson (restricted definition), andParocaleaBernhauer. Twenty-four species of theOcaleagroup are here recognized in the Nearctic region, fourteen of which occur in Canada. Six new species are described from western Canada and Alaska:Neothetalia smetanaiKlimaszewskisp. nov.(Canada: British Columbia),Neothetalia canadianaKlimaszewskisp. nov.(Canada: British Columbia, Yukon Territory; United States: Alaska),Betocalea pacifica(Canada: British Columbia),Alfocalea montana(Canada: Alberta, British Columbia),Metocalea lindgreni(Canada: British Columbia), andMegocalea lemieuxi(Canada: British Columbia). The first record ofNeoisoglossa agnita(Casey) in Alberta is provided. Two nominal species,Atheta(Athetalia)bicarnicepsCasey (=Neoisoglossa) andIsoglossa grandicollis(Casey) (=Neoisoglossa), are here synonymized withNeoisoglossa arcuata(Casey).Aleochara pallitarsisKirby has been transferred to the genusNeothetaliaand is newly recorded from Alaska and British Columbia.Ocalea columbianaKlimaszewski has been transferred toNeothetaliaand is newly recorded from Alaska.Neothetalia pallitarsiswas formerly recorded from an unknown locality in North America andNeothetalia columbianafrom the Carmanah Valley on Vancouver Island.Neothetalia nimiais newly recorded from Alaska. A new generic classification is proposed to accommodate species of the NearcticOcaleagroup. New data are provided on the systematics, relationships, bionomics, and distribution of the Nearctic species and genera of America north of Mexico. Diagnoses, colour images of entire bodies, and line illustrations of genital features are provided for those Canadian and Alaskan species that were not formerly illustrated, and their collection localities are plotted on maps. A key to Nearctic genera of theOcaleagroup and the species occurring in Canada and Alaska is presented. The lectotypes have been designated for the following nominal species because the original series consisted of syntypes or represented mixed species or both sexes but with males bearing a better diagnostic set of characters:Aleochara picataStephens (=Ocalea),Atheta(Athetalia)bicarniceps,Atheta(Athetalia)nimiaCasey (=Neothetalia),Atheta(Athetalia)repensaCasey (=Neoisoglossa),Isoglossa arcuataCasey (=Neoisoglossa),Ocalea agnitaCasey (=Neoisoglossa),Ocalea franciscanaCasey (=Neoisoglossa),Ocalea fuscaFenyes (=Neoisoglossa),Ocalea grandicollisCasey (=Neoisoglossa),Pyroglossa grossaBernhauer,Rheobioma disjunctaCasey (=Neoisoglossa),Rheobioma marcidaCasey (=Neoisoglossa), andRheobioma terrenaCasey (=Neoisoglossa).

Fil: Echevarria, Javier. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Cientificas y Tecnicas. Centro Cientifico Tecnologico Conicet - La Plata; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo. Division Paleozoologia Invertebrados; Argentina

Many genus-level changes to the classification of Trochilini were enacted in Stiles et al. (2017b). We have since found that two further genera therein emended each require replacement names. The first of these requiring a replacement name is Uranomitra Reichenbach, 1854 [March], which is herewith interpreted as an additional synonym of Saucerottia Bonaparte, 1850, along with its junior synonym Cyanomyia Bonaparte, 1854a [May]. We show that both must have the same type species, as originally designated, Trochilus quadricolor Vieillot, 1822 = Ornismya cyanocephala Lesson, 1829. The second case in which a replacement name is required is Leucolia Mulsant & E. Verreaux, 1866, herewith interpreted as an additional synonym of Leucippus Bonaparte, 1850, with the same type species, Trochilus fallax Bourcier, 1843. We herein propose replacement names for both Uranomitra and Leucolia.

Two species of Paguristes Dana, 1851 occurring in New Zealand waters, P. pilosus H. Milne Edwards, 1836 and P. setosus H. Milne Edwards, 1848, were the sources of errors and considerable confusion for many years. The misunderstanding regarding the identities of these taxa was further compounded by Filhol (1885) when he published a description of P. setosus Filhol, 1885, not realizing that this species had previously been published by H. Milne Edwards (1848) [see Forest & McLaughlin (2000: 77) for a historical account]. In his revision of the Anomura of New Zealand, Thomson (1899) redescribed Filhol’s Pagurus setosus, assigning it to his new genus Stratiotes Thomson as the type species. Although Alcock (1905) and Thompson (1930) expressed doubt about the validity of Stratiotes, it was not until Forest & McLaughlin (2000) reviewed all of the New Zealand species assignable to Paguristes, that Stratiotes was placed in synonymy with Dana’s taxon. However, when Rahayu (2005) found the gill number of Paguristes species in the collection of the Muséum national d’Histoire naturelle, Paris variable, she restricted Paguristes to species having 13 pairs of gills and reinstated Stratiotes for species with only 12 pairs. Unfortunately Stratiotes Thomson recently was found to be a junior homonym of Stratiotes Putzeys, 1846, (Coleoptera) and a replacement name became necessary. Areopaguristes is proposed as the replacement name; from the Greek Ares, the God of War, in combination with Paguristes. As Stratiotes means soldier, the proposed replacement name maintains the original sense of combat, while identifying the genus as closely allied to Paguristes s.s.; gender masculine. The type species, Pagurus setosus, is unchanged.

A history of the names Corniculariella and Cornularia is presented. Cornularia is rejected as superfluous. Emended descriptions of Corniculariella, and C. abietis, its type species, are provided. A key is given for seven form-species: C. abietis, C. harpographoidea sp. nov., C. hystricina comb. nov., C. populi sp. nov., C. pseudotsugae comb. nov., C. spina comb. nov., and C. urceola comb. nov.Cornularia viburni is considered a nomen dubium, C. sphaeroidea is considered to belong in Heteropatella, and C. macrospora is considered to belong in Subulariella. A brief history of C. microscopica is presented. Some names in Cornularia led to revisions of other genera. Micropera was found to be a later homonym, and Foveostroma, nomen novum, is proposed to accommodate M. drupacearum, the type species, and also M. abietina. Emended descriptions for Gelatinosporium and G. betulinum, its type species, are presented.In the table, the transfers of form-species of Corniculariella can be followed by tracing the symbol representing each form-species. All illustrations are of type material.

The African planthopper species Flata crassivenosa Karsch, 1890 was described by Karsch (1890) from Congo. Later, Melichar (1901) placed this species in the genus Walkeria Melichar, 1901 together with Flata radiata Distant, 1892 however, that name appeared to be preoccupied and Kirkaldy (1906) proposed for it a new replacement name Eumelicharia Kirkaldy, 1906 and designated Flata radiata as the type species. Medler (1988) in his paper on Flatidae from Taï Forest (Côte d’Ivoire) established a new genus Mistaria Medler, 1988 with Flata crassivenosa Karsch, 1890 as its type species and proposed that the new genus can be separated from Eumelicharia by its development of a strong uniform network of crossveins. However, the genus name Mistaria is preoccupied and was initially introduced by Lehtinen (1967) for a spider Agelena leucopyga Pavesi, 1883 (Arachnida: Araneae: Agelenidae), as the type species, from East Africa. Thus, the genus Mistaria Medler, 1988 is a junior homonym of the genus Mistaria Lehtinen, 1967. According to Article 60 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (ICZN 1999), we propose the new replacement name Neomistaria nom. nov. for Mistaria Medler, 1988. The resulting nomenclatural changes are summarized below.

A new beetle genus was found from the lucanid tribe Chiasognathini (Coleoptera: Lucanidae: Lucaninae) in the Peruvian high plateaus. Here we first describe Orotrupes Amorim and Paulsen, new genus, and its type species, O. asenjoi Amorim and Grossi, new species, compare it to other species of the tribe and speculate on the biogeographical history of the new taxa. Additionally, we provide a new generic key to the tribe and a map to chiasognathine beetles found in Peru.

Pre-dispersal seed predation of dipterocarp trees in South-East Asia is of increasing importance to regeneration. A new genus of nanophyid beetles, Damnux gen. nov., is described, of which all known larval hosts are seeds of Dipterocarpaceae. Most of the species feed on multiple hosts, and several hosts are attacked sympatrically by more than one Damnux species. The type species of Damnux is Nanophyes dipterocarpi Marshall, comb. nov. from Meregallia, and eight other species are described as new: D. borneensis sp. nov., D. confusa sp. nov., D. conviva sp. nov., D. grandis sp. nov., D. seminivorax sp. nov., D. tenebriosa sp. nov., D. tindaleorum sp. nov. and D. wagneri sp. nov. The genus Meregallia is reviewed and redescribed, and the type species fixed as M. ligata Hustache. Three new species,M. sulawesiensis sp. nov., M. sulawesiensis M. sulawesiensis sp. nov. and M. aratra sp. nov., are described. A lectotype is designated for Meregallia ligata (Hustache) by Dr V. Zherikhin.

Type fixation for each of the 601 valid genera (17 placed incertae sedis) and 13 genera of doubtful identity (genera inquirenda) in the Harpacticoida (Crustacea, Copepoda) has been verified. Twenty-four genus-group names published after 1930 lack the mandatory type fixation and are therefore unavailable. With the exception of Kliopsyllus Kunz, 1962 which is replaced by its senior synonym Emertonia Wilson, 1932, such names are made available here by either attributing the original name to the first author(s) who explicitly fixed a type species (Psammastacus Nicholls, 1935; Alteuthellopsis Lang, 1944; Idyellopsis Lang, 1944; Paralaophonte Lang, 1944; Robertgurneya Lang, 1944; Cladorostrata Shen & Tai, 1963; Micropsammis Mielke, 1975; and the subgenera Rheocamptus Borutzky, 1948 and Scottopsyllus Kunz, 1962;) or by adopting the name taking the present authorship and date (Paranannopus Lang, 1936a; Paraidya Sewell, 1940; Apodopsyllus Kunz, 1962; Scottolana Por, 1967; Barbaracletodes Becker, 1979; Ameiropsyllus Bodin, 1979; Chilaophonte Mielke, 1985; Psammonitocrella Rouch, 1992; Tectacingulum Harris, 1994; and the subgenera Intermedopsyllus Kunz, 1962 (corrected spelling Intermediopsyllus) and Fiersiella Suárez Morales & Iliffe, 2005). In two cases a ruling by the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature will be required to avoid upsetting a long-accepted name in its accustomed meaning (Halectinosoma Lang, 1944; Heterolaophonte Lang, 1944). The recently proposed generic name Pilocamptus Wells, 2007 does not satisfy the provisions of ICZN Art. 13.1 and is here made available by explicit citation of a bibliographic reference that provides a diagnosis purported to differentiate the taxon. Rhizothrix Brady & Robertson, 1876 is an unavailable name which was first made available by Sars (1909a). The unavailable generic name Scottopsyllus Kunz, 1962 has no potentially valid synonym and is replaced by the next oldest available name from among its subgenera, i.e. Wellsopsyllus Kunz, 1981 (ICZN Art. 23.3.5). The unavailable subgeneric name Psyllocamptus (Langpsyllocamptus) Kunz, 1975b is not reinstated because it denotes a taxon that is based exclusively on plesiomorphies. New replacement names have been proposed for preoccupied generic names in the harpacticoid families Canthocamptidae (Poria Lang, 1965; Dahlakia Por, 1986a), Dactylopusiidae (Sewellia Lang, 1965), and Leptopontiidae (Ichnusella Cottarelli, 1971). The preoccupied generic name Anoplosoma Sars, 1911c (family Ameiridae) is replaced by a previously proposed, but subsequently forgotten, replacement name, Anoplosomella Strand, 1929. Nomina nova are also suggested for Parathalassius Dussart, 1986 (Calanoida: Centropagidae) and Berea Yamaguti, 1963 (Cyclopoida: Chondracanthidae) which have entered into homonymy with previously established names. The junior synonym Alteutha Baird, 1846b is considered valid, taking precedence as a nomen protectum over the older names Sterope Goodsir, 1845 and Carillus Goodsir, 1845 (nomina oblita). Similar reversal of precedence applies to the family-group names Peltidiidae Claus, 1860 and Tisbidae Stebbing, 1910 which are junior subjective synonyms of Steropinae Dana, 1854 and Scutellidiinae Claus, 1889, respectively. Since the type of Idomene Philippi, 1843 is identified as a member of the Clausidiidae (Cyclopoida), the generic name Xouthous Thomson, 1883 is reinstated to accommodate all remaining species currently placed in Idomene. The forgotten copepod genus Microchelonia Brady, 1918 is placed in the family Laophontidae and considered a senior subjective synonym of Namakosiramia Ho & Perkins, 1977. The family-group name Pontostratiotidae A. Scott, 1909 (type: Pontostratiotes Brady, 1883) is a senior subjective synonym of Cerviniopseinae Brotskaya, 1963 (type: Cerviniopsis Sars, 1903) and the former is consequently reinstated at the subfamilial level. The family-group name Huntemanniidae Por, 1986a (type: Huntemannia Poppe, 1884) is a junior subjective synonym of Nannopinae Brady, 1880a (type: Nannopus Brady, 1880a) and the latter is reinstated as the valid name at family rank and with the spelling corrected to Nannopodidae. The family-name Paranannopinae Por, 1986a is a nomen nudum based on an unavailable generic name and is replaced by Danielsseniinae Huys & Gee in Huys et al., 1996. Four orphaned taxonomic groupings created by the removal of the type species – but not of the remaining species included in a genus – require an existing (previously invalid) or new generic name. Amphiascus Sars, 1905a is a senior objective synonym of Paramphiascopsis Lang, 1944 and must be restricted to the species currently included in the latter; a new genus Sarsamphiascus (type: Dactylopus minutus Claus, 1863) is proposed to receive all remaining Amphiascus species. The new generic names Monardius gen. nov. and Glabrotelson gen. nov. are proposed for the orphaned taxonomic groupings resulting from the removal of the types of Teissierella Monard, 1935a to Robertsonia Brady, 1880a, and of Hastigerella Nicholls, 1935 to Arenosetella Wilson, 1932, respectively. Leptomesochra Sars, 1911b is a senior subjective synonym of Interleptomesochra Lang, 1965 and must be restricted to the latter’s taxonomic concept; the previously unavailable generic name Leptameira Lang, 1936d is reinstated under the present authorship and date to assemble all remaining Leptomesochra species.

Information is provided for 143 objectively invalid or unavailable genus-group names used in Chrysididae; 34 are objectively invalid, of which 18 are junior homonyms (five of these are also currently junior subjective synonyms), 18 are junior objective synonyms (two of these are also junior homonyms) of which seven are unjustified emendations, and two are unnecessary replacement names. The remaining 109 names are unavailable; 96 are incorrect subsequent spellings, most of them were originally lapsus calami or misprints, one is hereby deemed to be an incorrect original spelling, eight are nomina nuda, three were originally published as junior synonyms and never adopted before 1961 as valid names of any taxa, and one is a vernacular name previously considered as valid. Gender, type species, taxonomic history and status are given for each name except for incorrect subsequent spellings and unjustified emendations. Some cases of homonymies with taxa currently classified as non-animal are discussed. For two such junior homonyms, denoting genus-group taxa considered as valid in the present work, new replacement names are proposed: Linsenmaierella Rosa & Pavesi nom. nov. for Chrysidella Linsenmaier, nec Pascher; and Rhipidochrysis Rosa & Pavesi nom. nov. for Pleurochrysis Bohart, nec Pringsheim. New generic synonymies are established: consequent on new type-species designations, Leptoglossa Klug becomes a junior objective synonym of Parnopes Latreille syn. nov., and Pyrochloris Klug becomes a junior objective synonym of Euchroeus Latreille syn. nov.; Pseudodichrysis Trautmann is a junior objective synonym of Dichrysis Lichtenstein syn. nov. and the latter is in turn a junior subjective synonym of Chrysis Linnaeus. Platycelia Dahlbom is selected by the authors, acting as First Revisers, as the correct original spelling, and the simultaneously published Platycoelia is therefore deemed to be an incorrect subsequent spelling. The validation of Philoctetes Abeille de Perrin, not available when originally proposed, is discussed. Morphochrysis Rosa & Pavesi gen. nov. (type species: Chrysis pulchella Spinola) is here described; it includes members of the Chrysis pulchella species group previously included in Gonodontochrysis Semenov-Tian-Shanskij & Nikol'skaya, an unavailable name. The Chrysis zaravshanica species group is merged with the pulchella species group. A new specific synonymy within this group is proposed: Chrysis zaravshanica Tarbinsky syn. nov. of C. personata Semenov-Tian-Shanskij.

A new genus, Lobomyia Woodley & Arnaud (Diptera: Tachinidae), from the Neotropical Region was recently described by us (Woodley & Arnaud, 2008: 32; type species, Lobomyia neotropica Woodley & Arnaud; published 6 June 2008). At the time the manuscript was being prepared, one of us (NEW) checked available nomenclatural resources to ensure the generic name had not been previously used. However, in the interim, the name Lobomyia was published as a new genus of Diptera, Chironomidae from Japan (Niitsuma, 2007: 105; type species, Lobomyia immaculata Niitsuma; published 15 June 2007). We therefore propose a new replacement name here, Eulobomyia, nom. nov. for Lobomyia Woodley & Arnaud. The gender of the name is feminine.

It has been called to my attention that the generic name Dofleinia, established by McLaughlin and Asakura (2004) for Parapagurodes doederleini (Doflein, 1902), is a junior subjective homonym of Dofleinia Wassilieff, 1908 (Cnidaria: Anthozoa: Actiniidae). In accordance with Article 60 of the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature (International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature, 1999), I now propose Pagurodofleinia as a replacement name. The type species, Catapagurus doederleini Doflein, 1902, the gender (feminine), and the etymology (named for F. Doflein who first described the type species) remain as given by McLaughlin & Asakura (2004), as does the generic diagnosis.

Recently the classification of the ladybird beetles' tribe Epilachnini was revised based on morphological and molecular data (Szawaryn et al. 2015, Tomaszewska Szawaryn 2016). Based on these findings a new classification of the tribe was proposed. The genus Epilachna Chevrolat in Dejean, 1837 sensu lato was split into several clades, with Epilachna sensu stricto limited to New World fauna, and one of the Afrotropical clades, formerly defined as Epilachna sahlbergi-group (Fürsch 1963), has been named Chazeauiana Tomaszewska Szawaryn, 2015 (Szawaryn et al. 2015), with Epilachna sahlbergi Mulsant, 1850 as the type species. However, that taxon received an unnecessary replacement name, as Mulsant (1850) already described a subgenus of Epilachna named Cleta distributed in Afrotropics, with Epilachna eckloni Mulsant, 1850 as the type species, which also belongs to the E. sahlbergi-group. Consequently Cleta has been elevated to the genus level (Tomaszewska Szawaryn 2016) and Chazeuiana was synonymized with Cleta as a junior synonym. Nonetheless, authors (Tomaszewska Szawaryn 2016) were not aware that the name Cleta is preoccupied. It appeared that Duponchel (1845) established the genus Cleta in the family Geometridae (Lepidoptera) that makes Cleta Mulsant (1850) a junior homonym. Therefore, we propose here Afrocleta nom. nov. as a replacement name for Cleta Mulsant, 1850.