A relaxed consensus plus innovation based effective negotiation approach for energy cooperation between smart grid and microgrid

Abstract

The growing propagation of the microgrids and their remarkable effects on operating the smart grid is developing a sustained environment to drift away from the traditional framework. Tending the microgrid systems for uplifting their range of benefits can make an outstanding proponent for outlining an effective negotiation framework for the microgrids connected to the smart grid. This paper aims to provide a distributed energy management using a relaxed consensus + innovation approach in order to converge both the trading price and the transaction power among the microgrids and smart grid. The proposed smart grid consists of the generators, and lines coincided with an IEEE 24-bus test system, and the microgrid proposed in this paper includes renewable sources of wind turbines, photovoltaic units, tidal units and storage units with the aim of satisfying the microgrid's demand loads. In addition, this paper dedicates to analyzing the effect of the uncertainty parameters of the system on the performance of the proposed negotiated approach using the point estimate method. Comparing the proposed negotiated method with the centralized one can prove that this method is suitable as an effective negotiation approach for providing energy management in the system.