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Abstract
Traditional current transformers (CTs) suffer from DC and AC saturation and remanent magnetization in many industrial applications. Moreover, the drawbacks of traditional CTs, such as closed iron cores, bulky volume, and heavy weight, further limit the development of an intelligent power protection system. In order to compensate for these drawbacks, we proposed a novel current measurement method by using Hall sensors, which is called the Hall-effect current transformer (HCT). The existing commercial Hall sensors are electronic components, so the reliability of the HCT is normally worse than that of the traditional CT. Therefore, our study proposes a redundancy mechanism for the HCT to strengthen its reliability. With multiple sensor modules, the method has the ability to improve the accuracy of the HCT as well. Additionally, the proposed redundancy mechanism monitoring system provides a condition-based maintenance for the HCT. We verify our method with both simulations and an experimental test. The results demonstrate that the proposed HCT with a redundancy mechanism can almost achieve Class 0.2 for measuring CTs according to IEC Standard 60044-8.
Highlights
The smart grid is regarded as the generation of power system, and substation intelligentization is a key technology in smart grids [1,2]
Regarding the commonly accepted current measurement methods in substation automation, traditional current transformers (CTs) are placed in a gas-insulated switchgear (GIS) to measure the currents, and their outputs are delivered through copper wires to intelligent electronic devices (IEDs) [3]
Our study focuses on proposing a new redundancy mechanism for the coreless Hall-effect current transformer (HCT) [19] to enhance its reliability
Summary
The smart grid is regarded as the generation of power system, and substation intelligentization is a key technology in smart grids [1,2]. Speaking, traditional CTs encounter several technically unsolved problems (e.g., DC and AC saturation, remanent magnetization). These problems are all caused by the effect of hysteresis of CT iron cores [4,5]. In order to solve the saturation problem and speed up substation intelligentization, electronic current transformers (ECTs), a method utilizing new semiconductor materials to design novel sensing technologies, have become one of the main research directions in measurement technologies [6,7,8,9]. Some ECT technologies are commercialized, and related standards such as International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) 61850 have been issued for Energies 2017, 10, 312; doi:10.3390/en10030312 www.mdpi.com/journal/energies
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