Modeling and transfer characteristics simulation analysis of electronic current transformers

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Abstract Compared with conventional electromagnetic current transformers, electronic current transformers have potential transfer advantages to transient current. This paper establishes the equivalent circuits of typical electronic current transformers and constructs transfer functions to analyze their frequency response characteristics. The PSCAD simulation model is established based on the transfer functions to simulate and analyze the transfer characteristics of typical electronic current transformers, and compare them with conventional current transformers in terms of steady-state response, transient response, impulse response, and step response. The analysis results demonstrate that electronic current transformers exhibit superior frequency response and transient response characteristics compared to conventional current transformers. The magnet-optic transformer and fiber-optic current transformer show better performance and are ideal for wide-band current sensing. However, low-power current transformers and Rogowski electronic transformers can only be used for AC measurement as they cannot transfer DC or non-periodic components. The transfer characteristics of fiber-optic current transformers are influenced by closed-loop control loop parameters and need to be designed according to specific application scenarios. The simulation analysis results in this paper can provide guidance for selecting suitable current transformers for new-type power systems.