Abstract
The lithium-ion battery has high energy and power density, long life cycle, low toxicity, low discharge rate, more reliability, and better efficiency compared to other batteries. On the other hand, the issue of a reduction in charging time of the lithium-ion battery is still a bottleneck for the commercialization of electric vehicles (EVs). Therefore, an approach to charge lithium-ion batteries at a faster rate is needed. This paper proposes an efficient, real-time, fast-charging methodology of lithium-ion batteries. Fuzzy logic was adopted to drive the charging current trajectory. A temperature control unit was also implemented to evade the effects of fast charging on the aging mechanism. The proposed method of charging also protects the battery from overvoltage and overheating. Extensive testing and comprehensive analysis were conducted to examine the proposed charging technique. The results show that the proposed charging strategy favors a full battery recharging in 9.76% less time than the conventional constant-current–constant-voltage (CC/CV) method. The strategy charges the battery at a 99.26% state of charge (SOC) without significant degradation. The entire scheme was implemented in real time, using Arduino interfaced with MATLABTM Simulink. This decrease in charging time assists in the fast charging of cell phones and notebooks and in the large-scale deployment of EVs.
Highlights
The extensive use of petrol, diesel, and other fossil fuels in automobiles has had adverse effects on global warming and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions [1,2,3]
A fuzzy logic controller is a better choice because it is used for nonlinear mapping of the input data a fuzzy logic controller is a better choice because it is used for nonlinear mapping of the input data to to scalar output data
These batteries batteries take take several hours hours to to charge, charge, which which leads to to aa long long out-ofout-ofoperated are operated by batteries
Summary
The extensive use of petrol, diesel, and other fossil fuels in automobiles has had adverse effects on global warming and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions [1,2,3]. In addition to global warming and GHG, the fossil fuel prices are increasing rapidly, which is a setback in the automobile industry To overcome these economic and pollution problems, electric vehicles (EVs) and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) are becoming a transportation secondary option [4,5,6,7,8]. It is very difficult to determine the precise mathematical model of the lithium-ion battery. It is necessary to use a controller, which does not require a precise mathematical model of a battery. A fuzzy logic controller was implemented to enhance the charging scalar output data. A fuzzy logic controller was implemented to enhance the charging efficiency of a lithium-ion battery
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