A rare disease in children – croupous bronchitis: history of study, pathogenesis, therapy strategy

Abstract

Plastic bronchitis is a rare disease. Despite the fact that the clinical signs of plastic bronchitis were first described by Galen more than 1800 years ago, the pathogenesis of the disease remains poorly understood to this day. As a result, it is not always possible to choose a therapy that allows for complete clinical and laboratory remission or complete recovery of the patient. Treatment of plastic bronchitis should be multifaceted, including the appointment of medications, hardware and physiotherapy methods. Despite the increasing relevance of the topic, the number of published works dealing with the problems of plastic bronchitis, both in world literature and domestic, is small. This review presents historical information on the study of plastic bronchitis, discusses the pathogenesis of the disease, taking into account the results of research over the past decades, lists the main and secondary clinical signs and symptoms, discusses the principles of modern therapy, including both invasive and non-invasive, physiotherapy, and treatment methods. As a clinical example, a case of plastic bronchitis in a 3-year-old boy who was treated in the intensive care unit and then in the infectious diseases department of the Z.A. Bashlyaeva State Clinical Hospital with a diagnosis of Idiopathic plastic bronchitis during one of the relapses of the disease from March 7, 2020 to March 22, 2020 is given. The diagnosis was previously made at the Morozov City Clinical Hospital.