A Rare Case Study About Necrotizing Granulomatous Sarcoidosis

Azka Tasleem,Haris Noorani,Hamza Viquar,Ravi Savani,Anchit Bharat

doi:10.7759/cureus.10220

Azka Tasleem, Haris Noorani + Show 3 more

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https://doi.org/10.7759/cureus.10220

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Abstract

Sarcoidosis is a granulomatous disorder with an elusive etiology and pathogenesis. Classically, sarcoidosis is associated with non-caseating granulomas composed of mononuclear phagocytes, lymphocytes, and multinucleated giant cells. Necrotizing granulomas can also be associated with sarcoidosis but is scarcely reported in the medical literature. Necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis is challenging to diagnose due to its rarity and similarity with other necrotizing disorders. Therefore, it is mainly considered a diagnosis of exclusion. We report one such case study, which could prompt further research to lay the course of treatment strategies for this disease. Moreover, our patient had a family history of sarcoidosis, which raises questions regarding possible genetic predisposition, and future work might help solve this medical mystery.

Highlights

Sarcoidosis is a disease that usually involves various systems of the body
90% of patients who present with sarcoidosis have significant lung manifestations, including but not limited to hilar lymphadenopathy, reticular opacities, and parenchymal nodules on imaging [1,2]
The diagnosis is suspected on the basis of clinical or radiographic findings and confirmed by the presence of non-caseating granulomas surrounded by multinucleated giant cells and lymphocytes on histopathological examination [4], after excluding other infectious and non-infectious causes that might present with similar findings, such as bacterial, fungal, parasitic and viral infections, chronic granulomatous disease, lymphoma, drug-induced granulomas, foreign body granulomatosis, and chronic granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA)

Summary

A Rare Case Study About Necrotizing Granulomatous Sarcoidosis

Azka Tasleem 1 , Hamza Viquar 1 , Haris Noorani 1 , Ravi Savani 2 , Anchit Bharat 3. 1. Internal Medicine, Ball Memorial Hospital, Muncie, USA 2. Pulmonology and Critical Care, Ball Memorial Hospital, Muncie, USA 3.

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Disclosures

Baughman RP