A Randomized Safety Study of 13-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugated Vaccine and Post-Vaccination Immune Response to <em> Streptococcus pneumoniae </em> Serotypes in Adult Patients with Bronchial Asthma and Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Abstract

Background. Vaccination against pneumococcal infection is one of the priorities in improving the quality of treatment and prevention measures in adults with various pathologies. The effectiveness of vaccination is directly related to the individuals ability to form an adequate specific immunity. Aims the aim of the study was to assess the level of post-vaccination antibodies to capsular polysaccharides of S. pneumoniae in adult patients with bronchial asthma (BA) or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) after administration of 13-valent conjugated pneumococcal vaccine (PCV13). Materials and methods. The ELISA method was used to determine the level of IgG antibodies to 12 capsular polysaccharides serotypes 1, 3, 4, 6A, 6B, 7F, 9V, 14, 18C, 19A, 19F, 23F of S. pneumoniae that are part of PCV13, and 2 serotypes 9N, 15B that are not part of the vaccines using research test systems developed on the basis of the I.I. Mechnikov Research Institute of Vaccines and Sera. Groups of adult patients 32 patients with BA and 33 with COPD who received basic treatment according to accepted international standards. The comparison group consists of 20 healthy patients who do not have comorbidities. In patients, vaccination was performed outside the acute period of the disease using PCV13. Results. Vaccination of PCV13 patients with BA and COPD does not lead to the development of exacerbations of the underlying disease, while unusual symptoms in the post-vaccination period, provided for by the drugs instructions, can rarely develop. A comparative analysis of changes in IgG antibodies conducted after 6 weeks relative to the initial level of IgG antibodies to S. pneumoniae capsular polysaccharides in adult patients and healthy vaccinated PCV13 showed the same increase in specific antibodies to 12 serotypes of pneumococcus. The difference was found only in relation to IgG antibodies to a mixture of polysaccharides included in the PCV13 vaccine, which were registered higher in patients with BA and COPD in the post-vaccination period (p 0.001) than in healthy patients. Conclusions. PCV13 vaccination of patients with BA and COPD is safe and is accompanied by the synthesis of IgG antibodies to capsular polysaccharides serotypes of S. pneumoniae similarly to the healthy group.