Abstract
Background/objective: This study aimed to investigate the impacts of a 12-week training of the aerobic exercise (AE), resistance exercise (RE), and combined exercise (CE) on the serum levels of nesfatin-1, irisin-1 and some other metabolic and anthropometric indices in overweight women with metabolic syndrome.Methods: Sixty overweight women with metabolic syndrome were assigned equally into four groups: aerobic exercise (AE, n = 15), resistance exercise (RE, n = 15), combined exercise (CE, n = 15), and control (n = 15). All groups underwent 12 weeks of intervention. The study variables were measured before and 24 h after the intervention period.Results: Twelve weeks of training resulted in an increase of irisin-1 in the AE and CE groups and nesfatin-1 in all the intervention groups. As expected, all the trained groups exhibited a positive alteration in anthropometric indices and lipid profile in comparison with the control group. Besides, compared with the control group, insulin resistance (based on the homeostatic model assessment) in AE (p = 0.022), RE (p = 0.032), and CE (p < 0.001) groups were reduced significantly. According to the observed changes in the measured indices, serum irisin-1 was significantly correlated with body weight, BMI, body fat percentage, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR. However, with regard to nesfatin-1, only a negative correlation was observed with body fat percentage and LDL-cholesterol.Conclusions: The 12-week systematic training program changed circulating irisin-1 and nesfatin-1. Also, change in the serum irisin-1 and nesfatin-1 were correlated with the change in glycemic and anthropometric indices in addition to LDL-cholesterol. Also, exercise training significantly reduced fasting insulin and HOMA-IR in all the intervention groups.RCT Registration Code: IRCT20180806040721N2.
Highlights
It is generally accepted that exercise has important beneficial effects on metabolic disorders associated with impaired energy homeostasis (Algul et al, 2017)
We followed the CONSORT 2010 flow diagram (Figure 1) to conduct this randomized controlled trial in order to examine the effects of aerobic exercise (AE), resistant exercise (RE), and combined exercise (CE) on the levels of serum irisin1, nesfatin-1, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), insulin, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), lipid profile, and body composition in obese women with metabolic syndrome
We found that serum irisin-1 was negatively and significantly correlated with body weight, body mass index (BMI), body fat percent, fasting insulin, and Homeostatic Model Assessment for Insulin Resistance (HOMA-IR)
Summary
It is generally accepted that exercise has important beneficial effects on metabolic disorders associated with impaired energy homeostasis (Algul et al, 2017). Studies show that the level of these hormones changes after training sessions but the exact mechanisms by which exercise regulates energy homeostasis via energy-related hormones are still unclear. The potential effects of exercise on altering the levels of hormones involved in energy regulation ( irisin-1 and nesfatin-1) is an interesting topic that has attracted the attention of many researchers (Oh et al, 2006; Norheim et al, 2014; Dianatinasab et al, 2020). Serum irisin-1 has been found to have an inverse correlation with glucose intolerance (Choi et al, 2013) It is not clear whether training can increase the baseline serum irisin-1, as even the short-term increase in serum irisin-1 due to exercise may cause some beneficial metabolic changes (Wang et al, 2017, 2018). The mechanism of these changes seems to be complicated since it is revealed that the lipid tissue is responsible for the baseline level of irisin in the blood among obese individuals (Huh et al, 2012)
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