Abstract
Harmful cultural practices have psychosocial implications on stigmatization and vulnerability to HIV infection among HIV positive living in North Central Nigeria. To understand this, we conducted qualitative interviews with purposively selected 20 diagnosed HIV positive to explore how culture influences stigmatization and HIV transmission. Data was collected using audio-recorder, transcribed, and analyzed through thematic analysis using ATLAS.ti8 software to code and analyze interview transcripts. The coded data were presented using thematic network analysis to visualize the theme, sub-themes, and quotations in a model. The findings reveal that lack of education was a significant determinant for the continual practice of harmful cultural rites, thereby increasing the risk of HIV infection and stigmatization. Hence, six cultural facilitators have been identified to include female genital mutilation, lack of education, tribal marks and scarification, postpartum sexual abstinence during breastfeeding, sexual intercourse during menstruation, and gender inequality, polygamy, and inheritance law. We conclude that educational teachings and advocacy campaigns be organized in rural schools and public places on the implications of harmful cultural practice to health and psychological well-being. We recommend that the social workers and behavioral scientists should collaborate with other agencies to employ a behavioral-based intervention in eliminating cultural practices and HIV stigma.
Highlights
A study of harmful cultural practices of psychosocial priority is to contribute to the improvement of the individual and the society, taking into account the physical, mental, social, and psychological consequences of HIV stigma is detrimental to the sustainability of the entire society
We identified the theme and sub-themes that increase vulnerability to stigmatization and HIV infection
We present the central theme as a “harmful cultural practice” which produces the six (6) sub-themes represented as the socio-cultural variables or facilitators, including female genital mutilation, lack of education, tribal marks and scarification, postpartum sexual abstinence during breastfeeding, sexual intercourse during menstruation, and gender inequality and inheritance law
Summary
A study of harmful cultural practices of psychosocial priority is to contribute to the improvement of the individual and the society, taking into account the physical, mental, social, and psychological consequences of HIV stigma is detrimental to the sustainability of the entire society. This study provides insight into exploring the psychosocial context of stigmatization among HIV positive in North Central Nigeria. The objective is to explore how harmful cultural practices, including female genital mutilation, tribal marks and scarification, postpartum sexual abstinence during breastfeeding, sexual intercourse during menstruation, and gender inequality, predisposes individuals to contracting HIV infection and the aftermath stigmatization
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