A PSO-CVX Algorithm of Sum and Difference Beam Patterns for Time-Modulated Antenna Array

Xikuan Dong,Hailin Li,Yachao Jiang,Jiawen Hu,Jing Tan,Pierfrancesco Lombardo

doi:10.1155/2021/6692872

Abstract

An integrated optimization of sum and difference beam for time-modulated linear antenna array is studied in this paper. The goal of sum and difference beam synthesis is to generate sum beam in the main band and difference beams in the first-order sideband with low side-lobe level through timing switches. The turn-on times of antenna array are achieved by solving a quadratic constraint linear programming; meanwhile, the opening times are optimized by particle swarm optimization algorithm. The results of linear array show that the sum and difference beam can be scanned within ± 40 degrees, with lower peak side-lobe level.

Highlights

Monopulse technology is a tracking method which is developed and widely used in the late 1950s
Monopulse radar antenna needs to generate a main lobe sum beam and a difference beam with two main lobes. e function of the sum beam is to detect the target distance and carry out distance tracking, and the function of the difference beam is to detect the target azimuth and elevation angle information and carry out angle tracking [2]. en, by comparing with the information obtained by the sum and difference beam, the spatial position of the target is determined [3]
The signal received by the difference beam changes from weak to strong and the difference signal can be used to drive the servo mechanism to make the antenna rotate in elevation or azimuth so that the zero value direction of the difference beam is always aligned with the target track [4]

Summary

Introduction

Monopulse technology is a tracking method which is developed and widely used in the late 1950s. By using the well-known particle swarm optimization to obtain low side-lobe patterns, the results show that the timing antenna array can provide accurate beam energy patterns of any shape [6]. Mahanti proposes a real-coded genetic algorithm (GA) for the optimal design of a reconfigurable dual-beam linear time-modulated array antenna that only uses phase control. Kwak proposed a linear programming method which simplifies the antenna system of monopulse radar by attaching a common weight (for summing beam and difference beam) to each antenna. It is computationally efficient and does not require slow global optimization techniques [23].

Mathematical Model

PSO-CVX Algorithm

Simulation Results