Abstract
A ternary polyaniline/Fe2O3-SnO2/reduced graphene oxide (PFSG) nanocomposite was prepared using a simple two-step hydrothermal treatment. The composite was applied as a glassy carbon electrode modifier (GCE) to enhance dopamine (DA) and uric acid (UA) detection. The ternary PFSG composite was compared with its binary precursor Fe2O3-SnO2/reduced graphene oxide (FSG). The influence of the modified GCE electrodes on their performance as a sensing platform was determined. GCE/PFSG showed better sensing parameters than GCE/FSG due to the introduction of polyaniline (PANI), increasing the electrocatalytic properties of the electrode towards the detected analytes. GCE/PFSG enabled the detection of low concentrations of DA (0.076 µM) and UA (1.6 µM). The peak potential separation between DA and UA was very good (180 mV). Moreover, the DA oxidation peak was unaffected even if the concentration of UA was ten times higher. The fabricated sensor showed excellent performance in the simultaneous detection with DA and UA limits of detection: LODDA = 0.15 µM and LODUA = 6.4 µM, and outstanding long-term stability towards DA and UA, holding 100% and 90% of their initial signals respectively, after one month of use.
Highlights
In recent years, electrochemical detection has been one of the most widely used techniques for analyte detection, mainly due to its simplicity, fast response and sensitivity [1]
Binary and ternary nanocomposites based on graphene materials, conductive polymers (CPs) and metal oxides have emerged as a promising sensing platform [12,14,15,16,17]
The decrease in the oxidation potential of both molecules on glassy carbon electrode modifier (GCE)/polyaniline/Fe2O3-SnO2/reduced graphene oxide (PFSG) may result from the separation of Fe2O3-SnO2/reduced graphene oxide (FSG) sheets by long polymer chains embedded between the composite sheets (Figure 2)
Summary
Electrochemical detection has been one of the most widely used techniques for analyte detection, mainly due to its simplicity, fast response and sensitivity [1]. Binary and ternary nanocomposites based on graphene materials, conductive polymers (CPs) and metal oxides have emerged as a promising sensing platform [12,14,15,16,17]. Graphene-based materials, due to their unique structure, primarily improve the conductivity of composites applied in electrochemical measurement systems [18,19,20] Owing to their developed active surface area, they provide an increased number of accessible active sites for the detection of analytes [21,22]. Are very often applied inthere electrochemical sensing due using ternary nanocomposites based on CPs, which play a significant role in the detection of various to their unique properties, but currently, there is a growing interest in using ternary nanocomposites analytes based on[34]. The modified modified glassy glassy carbon carbon electrode electrode (GCE)/PFSG (GCE)/PFSG presents presents outstanding outstanding long-term long-term and UA
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