Abstract
Leishmania parasites are the etiological agents of Leishmaniasis, a tropical disease that affects around 15 million people in about 90 countries. The chosen therapy for this disease is based on antimony V compounds, such as meglumine antimoniate. It can be administered as a parenteral, subcutaneous or perilesional form as successive infiltrations with pre-established doses localized in the border of the granuloma that characterizes the wound of Cutaneous Leishmaniasis (CL). Herein, a topical pharmaceutical recipe, such as an emulsion, is proposed to eliminate the trauma caused by administering the medicine in parenteral form to the face or other difficult access zones. The evaluation of this vehicle was performed by analyzing parameters such as pH, viscosity, homogeneity and droplet size distribution. Furthermore, the effectiveness of the emulsion was proved by in vitro experiments using Strat-M synthetic membranes, showing that the transdermal passage of the antimonial complex is guaranteed. Moreover, complete healing of the wound has been attained in patients with CL, as shown with two clinical cases in this article.
Highlights
IntroductionThere are several examples of formulations in the form of ointments, nanoemulsions or gel phases to heal the skin [4,5,6]
Bacteria and parasitic diseases are usually healed with parenteral administration, as is the case of Leishmaniasis [7]
Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by about twenty protozoa of the genus Leishmania, transmitted by a vector, especially in regions of extreme poverty where it can become endemic [10]
Summary
There are several examples of formulations in the form of ointments, nanoemulsions or gel phases to heal the skin [4,5,6]. Bacteria and parasitic diseases are usually healed with parenteral administration, as is the case of Leishmaniasis [7]. The development of a formulation that could heal the skin, such as an ointment or a cream, would provide an easier administration, with less pain and active agents more readily available [8,9]. Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease caused by about twenty protozoa of the genus Leishmania, transmitted by a vector, especially in regions of extreme poverty where it can become endemic [10]. Leishmaniasis has become a public health problem with about 12 million people affected, with nearly 2 million new cases and 70,000 deaths per year in tropical and subtropical countries [13,14,15]
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