Abstract
This study found that the electroencephalogram (EEG) information is a prior indication for sensing drivers’ imminent actions. It is possible to get to know the drivers’ intentions before their next moves, providing huge potentials of early interventions on the occurrence of accidents. A driving simulation experiment was conducted to identify EEG patterns during pre-action decision-making, assess their roles in stop/go decisions, and evaluate the impact of warnings on EEG signals. Four driving groups were divided based on drivers’ stop/go decisions and the influence of dilemma-zone effect, which could reflect drivers’ abilities to stop safely at the onset of flashing red light. The results revealed significant variations in EEG signals among the four driving groups, highlighting EEG as a sensitive pre-action indication. EEG changes indicated that with warning assistance, drivers have enhanced situational awareness, are able to make a stop/go decision in advance, and have less workload on visual search when approaching grade crossings. Such EEG patterns could interpret drivers’ stop/go decisions with a highest accuracy of 97.11%, and could identify potentially dangerous behaviors. These insights have implications for pre-event intervention based on EEG monitoring using non-contact devices.
Published Version
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