Abstract
A task for new power generation technologies, interfaced to the electrical grid by power electronic converters, is to stiffen the rate of change of frequency (RoCoF) at the initial few milliseconds (ms) after any variation of active power balance. This task is defined in this article as fast active power regulation (FAPR), a generic definition of the FAPR is also proposed in this study. Converters equipped with FAPR controls should be tested in laboratory conditions before employment in the actual power system. This paper presents a power hardware-in-the-loop (PHIL) based method for FAPR compliance testing of the wind turbine converter controls. The presented PHIL setup is a generic test setup for the testing of all kinds of control strategies of the grid-connected power electronic converters. Firstly, a generic PHIL testing methodology is presented. Later on, a combined droop- anFd derivative-based FAPR control has been implemented and tested on the proposed PHIL setup for FAPR compliance criteria of the wind turbine converters. The compliance criteria for the FAPR of the wind turbine converter controls have been framed based on the literature survey. Improvement in the RoCoF and and maximum underfrequency deviation (NADIR) has been observed if the wind turbine converter controls abide by the FAPR compliance criteria.
Highlights
A gradual decommissioning of the fossil-fuel fired generation plants and their controls is a challenge to the stable operation and control of the electric power system
The test setup consists of a real-time target (RTT), grid emulator, NovaCor real-time digital simulator (RTDS), and a DC-alternative current (AC) converter (DUT)
Fast active power regulation (FAPR) is a control action applied to power electronic converters used to interface renewable generation, storage, or responsive demand
Summary
A gradual decommissioning of the fossil-fuel fired generation plants and their controls is a challenge to the stable operation and control of the electric power system. Without implementation of necessary mitigation measures to tackle the reduction of system inertia and the absence of robust conventional primary frequency control attached to synchronous generations, future electric power systems may face a high RoCoF and NADIR [1]. In this context, advanced controllers for fast active power-frequency control are needed to quickly and effectively adjust the active power at the alternative current (AC) side of the power electronic converters (e.g., voltage source converters) used to interface renewable energy-based generation systems and responsive loads (e.g., electrolysers) [2,3].
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