A Population-Based Study on the Prevalence and Risk Factors of Chronic Kidney Disease in Adult Population of Shiraz, Southern Iran

Abstract

Background: Currently we face a significant increase in the new cases of end-stage renal disease in developing countries. Hence it seems vital to work on strategies and reduce its development and progression. Determining the related risk factors can provide insight into achieving these policy-making goals. Therefore, this study was conducted in order to identify risk factors associated with chronic kidney disease in Iranian adult population. Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed in Shiraz, through a random cluster sampling in 819 including 340 male and 479 female adult participants. Body mass indexes, waist circumference, blood pressure and biochemical profile were assessed. We evaluated the prevalence of CKD according to glomerular filtration rate (GFR) as well as possible risk factors. GFR was calculated based on “Chronic Kidney Disease Epidemiology Collaboration” creatinine equation. Result: Mean age of our participants were 43.0± 14.0 years, and 58.5% were female. Our results showed 16.6% of patients with GFR less than 60 mL/min per 1.73. The proportion of participants having hypertension, obesity, high waist circumference, diabetes mellitus and history of cardiovascular disease were 17.3%,19.3%, 35%,9.4% and 5.3 %, respectively. Multiple regression analysis indicated an independent correlation between age, sex, dyslipidemia, and hypertension with CKD. Conclusion: This study indicates that CKD is a substantial health burden in Iranian adult population. Additionally, the results of this study addressed the importance of integrated strategies that aimed to identify, prevent, and treat non-communicable diseases fueling the development of CKD. [GMJ. 2019;8:e935]