Abstract
Enzymes originating from hostile environments offer exceptional stability under industrial conditions and are therefore highly in demand. Using single‐cell genome data, we identified the alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH) gene, adh/a1a, from the Atlantis II Deep Red Sea brine pool. ADH/A1a is highly active at elevated temperatures and high salt concentrations (optima at 70 °C and 4 m KCl) and withstands organic solvents. The polyextremophilic ADH/A1a exhibits a broad substrate scope including aliphatic and aromatic alcohols and is able to reduce cinnamyl‐methyl‐ketone and raspberry ketone in the reverse reaction, making it a possible candidate for the production of chiral compounds. Here, we report the affiliation of ADH/A1a to a rare enzyme family of microbial cinnamyl alcohol dehydrogenases and explain unique structural features for halo‐ and thermoadaptation.
Highlights
Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs, EC 1.1.1.1) are enzymes that catalyze the reversible dehydrogenation of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones by consuming the cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or its phosphate (NAD+/NADP+)
The gene adh/a1 was derived from the single amplified genomes (SAGs) of an unclassified MSBL1 (Mediterranean Sea Brine Lake 1) archaeon of the Atlantis II Deep interphase and identified by the profile pattern match algorithm (PPMA) [19]
The gene adh/a1 was annotated from a single amplified genome (SAG) of an uncultured MSBL1 archaeon, which was derived from the Atlantis II Deep Red Sea brine pool [13]
Summary
Alcohol dehydrogenases (ADHs, EC 1.1.1.1) are enzymes that catalyze the reversible dehydrogenation of alcohols to aldehydes or ketones by consuming the cofactor nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide or its phosphate (NAD+/NADP+). The natural regio- and enantioselectivity of ADHs are exploited to produce chiral compounds for pharmaceuticals and fine chemicals and are worthwhile studying [1,2]. One of the major drawbacks of conventional ADHs is their poor performance under industrial conditions such as extreme temperatures, pH, and the presence of salts and organic solvents, as they tend to lose their activity and stability [3]. These operational conditions are a prerequisite to increase the solubility of hydrophobic compounds, reduce viscosity and accelerate the reaction, or influence the enantioselectivity [4,5]. Industry demands the development of more robust and stereoselective ADHs
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